Substitution of fishmeal: Highlights of potential plant protein sources for aquaculture sustainability

Sammanfattning

High protein content, excellent amino acid profile, absence of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs), high digestibility and good palatability of fishmeal (FM), make it a major source of protein in aquaculture. Naturally derived FM is at risk due to an increase in its demand, unsustainable practices, and price. Thus, there is an urgent need to find affordable and suitable protein sources to replace FM. Plant protein sources are suitable due to their widespread availability and low cost. However, they contained certain ANFs, deficiency of some amino acids, low nutrient bioavailability and poor digestibility due to presence of starch and fiber. These unfavourable characteristics make them less suitable for feed as compared to FM. Thus, these potential challenges and limitations associated with various plant proteins have to be overcome by using different methods, i.e. enzymatic pretreatments, solvent extraction, heat treatments and fermentation, that are discussed briefly in this review. This review assessed the impacts of plant products on growth performance, body composition, flesh quality, changes in metabolic activities and immune response of fishes. To minimize the negative effects and to enhance nutritional value of plant products, beneficial functional additives such as citric acid, phytase and probiotics could be incorporated into the plant-based FM. Interestingly, these additives improve growth of fishes by increasing digestibility and nutrient utilization of plant based feeds. Overall, this review demonstrated that the substitution of fishmeal by plant protein sources is a plausible, technicallyviable and practical option for sustainable aquaculture feed production.

Nyckelord

Fishmeal substitution; Plant products; Anti-nutritional factors; Physiological impacts; Sustainability

Publicerad i

Heliyon
2024, volym: 10, nummer: 4, artikelnummer: e26573

SLU författare

• Yong, Jean W.H

  • Institutionen för biosystem och teknologi, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
    

Globala målen (SDG)

SDG2 Ingen hunger
SDG6 Rent vatten och sanitet för alla
SDG11 Hållbara städer och samhällen

UKÄ forskningsämne

Fisk- och akvakulturforskning

Publikationens identifierare

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26573

Permanent länk till denna sida (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/128478