Machine learning algorithms translate big data into predictive breeding accuracy

Abstract

Statistical machine learning (ML) extracts patterns from extensive genomic, phenotypic, and environmental data. ML algorithms automatically identify relevant features and use cross-validation to ensure robust models and improve prediction reliability in new lines. Furthermore, ML analyses of genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions can offer insights into the genetic factors that affect performance in specific environments. By leveraging historical breeding data, ML streamlines strategies and automates analyses to reveal genomic patterns. In this review we examine the transformative impact of big data, including multi-trait genomics, phenomics, and environmental covariables, on genomic-enabled prediction in plant breeding. We discuss how big data and ML are revolutionizing the field by enhancing prediction accuracy, deepening our understanding of G×E interactions, and optimizing breeding strategies through the analysis of extensive and diverse datasets.

Keywords

statistical machine learning; genomic prediction; big genomics; phenomics; environmental data; climate change; modern breeding programs

Published in

Trends in Plant Science
2024

SLU Authors

• Ortiz Rios, Rodomiro Octavio

  • Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

Global goals (SDG)

SDG2 Zero hunger

UKÄ Subject classification

Agricultural Science
Genetics and Breeding
Plant Biotechnology

Publication identifier

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2024.09.011

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/133057